mcphub/docs/zh/features/monitoring.mdx

---
title: '监控与分析'
description: '全面监控 MCP 服务器性能、健康状况和使用情况'
---

## 概述

MCPHub 提供全面的监控和分析功能，帮助您跟踪 MCP 服务器的性能、健康状况和使用模式。系统提供实时指标、历史分析和智能警报。

## 实时监控

### 仪表板概览

主监控仪表板显示关键指标：

```bash
# 访问监控仪表板
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/dashboard \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
```

响应示例：

```json
{
  "overview": {
    "totalServers": 12,
    "activeServers": 10,
    "totalRequests": 15420,
    "avgResponseTime": "245ms",
    "errorRate": "0.3%",
    "uptime": "99.9%"
  },
  "realtime": {
    "requestsPerMinute": 85,
    "activeConnections": 156,
    "memoryUsage": "68%",
    "cpuUsage": "42%"
  }
}
```

### 服务器健康状态

```bash
# 获取所有服务器状态
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/servers/health \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
```

## 性能指标

### 响应时间监控

```json
{
  "responseTime": {
    "metrics": [
      {
        "serverId": "server-1",
        "average": "180ms",
        "p50": "150ms",
        "p95": "300ms",
        "p99": "500ms"
      }
    ],
    "alerts": {
      "slowResponse": {
        "threshold": "1s",
        "current": "180ms",
        "status": "normal"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

### 吞吐量分析

```bash
# 获取吞吐量统计
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/throughput \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "timeRange=1h" -d "granularity=5m"
```

响应示例：

```json
{
  "timeRange": "1h",
  "granularity": "5m",
  "data": [
    {
      "timestamp": "2024-01-01T12:00:00Z",
      "totalRequests": 450,
      "successfulRequests": 448,
      "failedRequests": 2,
      "avgResponseTime": "230ms"
    }
  ],
  "summary": {
    "peakThroughput": 520,
    "averageThroughput": 412,
    "totalRequests": 4944
  }
}
```

### 资源使用监控

```json
{
  "resources": {
    "cpu": {
      "usage": "42%",
      "cores": 8,
      "processes": [
        { "name": "mcp-server-1", "cpu": "15%" },
        { "name": "mcp-server-2", "cpu": "12%" }
      ]
    },
    "memory": {
      "total": "32GB",
      "used": "21.6GB",
      "available": "10.4GB",
      "byProcess": [
        { "name": "mcp-server-1", "memory": "2.1GB" },
        { "name": "mcp-server-2", "memory": "1.8GB" }
      ]
    },
    "network": {
      "bytesIn": "1.2GB",
      "bytesOut": "890MB",
      "packetsIn": 1250000,
      "packetsOut": 980000
    },
    "disk": {
      "total": "1TB",
      "used": "340GB",
      "available": "660GB",
      "iops": 1200
    }
  }
}
```

## 日志管理

### 集中化日志收集

配置日志聚合：

```json
{
  "logging": {
    "centralized": true,
    "storage": {
      "type": "elasticsearch",
      "config": {
        "hosts": ["localhost:9200"],
        "index": "mcphub-logs",
        "retention": "30d"
      }
    },
    "levels": ["error", "warn", "info", "debug"],
    "sources": ["application", "mcp-servers", "nginx", "system"]
  }
}
```

### 实时日志查看

```bash
# 获取实时日志流
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/logs/stream \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Accept: text/event-stream"

# 过滤日志
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/logs \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "level=error" -d "server=server-1" -d "limit=100"
```

### 日志分析

```bash
# 错误模式分析
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/logs/analysis \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "type=error-patterns" -d "timeRange=24h"
```

响应示例：

```json
{
  "analysis": {
    "errorPatterns": [
      {
        "pattern": "Connection timeout",
        "occurrences": 45,
        "trend": "increasing",
        "affectedServers": ["server-2", "server-3"]
      },
      {
        "pattern": "Memory allocation failed",
        "occurrences": 12,
        "trend": "stable",
        "affectedServers": ["server-1"]
      }
    ],
    "recommendations": ["检查服务器网络连接", "增加内存限制配置"]
  }
}
```

## 警报系统

### 配置警报规则

```json
{
  "alerts": [
    {
      "name": "high-response-time",
      "description": "响应时间过高警报",
      "condition": "avg(response_time) > 1000ms over 5m",
      "severity": "warning",
      "notifications": {
        "email": ["admin@company.com"],
        "slack": "#alerts",
        "webhook": "https://hooks.company.com/alerts"
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "server-down",
      "description": "服务器宕机警报",
      "condition": "server_status == 'down'",
      "severity": "critical",
      "notifications": {
        "email": ["oncall@company.com"],
        "sms": ["+1234567890"],
        "pagerduty": "service-key"
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "high-error-rate",
      "description": "错误率过高",
      "condition": "error_rate > 5% over 10m",
      "severity": "error",
      "notifications": {
        "slack": "#dev-team"
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

### 警报通知

```bash
# 测试警报通知
curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/alerts/test \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -d '{
    "alertName": "high-response-time",
    "channel": "email"
  }'
```

### 警报历史

```bash
# 获取警报历史
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/alerts/history \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "timeRange=7d" -d "severity=critical"
```

## 用户活动监控

### 用户会话跟踪

```json
{
  "userActivity": {
    "activeSessions": 156,
    "totalUsers": 89,
    "sessionsByUser": [
      {
        "userId": "user123",
        "sessions": 3,
        "lastActivity": "2024-01-01T12:30:00Z",
        "totalRequests": 245
      }
    ],
    "topUsers": [
      { "userId": "power-user", "requests": 1250 },
      { "userId": "regular-user", "requests": 890 }
    ]
  }
}
```

### 使用模式分析

```bash
# 获取使用模式分析
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/usage-patterns \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "timeRange=30d"
```

响应示例：

```json
{
  "patterns": {
    "peakHours": [9, 10, 14, 15, 16],
    "peakDays": ["tuesday", "wednesday", "thursday"],
    "toolUsage": [
      {"tool": "filesystem", "usage": 45%},
      {"tool": "web-search", "usage": 30%},
      {"tool": "database", "usage": 25%}
    ],
    "userBehavior": {
      "avgSessionDuration": "45m",
      "avgRequestsPerSession": 23,
      "returnRate": "78%"
    }
  }
}
```

## 容量规划

### 资源预测

```json
{
  "capacityPlanning": {
    "currentCapacity": {
      "cpu": "42%",
      "memory": "68%",
      "network": "35%",
      "storage": "34%"
    },
    "predictions": {
      "timeHorizon": "30d",
      "cpuForecast": [
        { "date": "2024-01-07", "usage": "48%" },
        { "date": "2024-01-14", "usage": "52%" },
        { "date": "2024-01-21", "usage": "56%" },
        { "date": "2024-01-28", "usage": "61%" }
      ],
      "recommendations": [
        "考虑在第3周增加CPU资源",
        "内存使用稳定，暂不需要扩容",
        "建议监控网络带宽趋势"
      ]
    }
  }
}
```

### 自动扩缩容

```json
{
  "autoScaling": {
    "enabled": true,
    "policies": [
      {
        "metric": "cpu_usage",
        "scaleUp": {
          "threshold": "80%",
          "duration": "5m",
          "action": "add_instance"
        },
        "scaleDown": {
          "threshold": "30%",
          "duration": "15m",
          "action": "remove_instance"
        }
      },
      {
        "metric": "request_queue_length",
        "scaleUp": {
          "threshold": 100,
          "duration": "2m",
          "action": "add_instance"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
```

## 性能分析报告

### 生成性能报告

```bash
# 生成周报
curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/reports \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -d '{
    "type": "performance",
    "timeRange": "7d",
    "format": "pdf",
    "sections": [
      "overview",
      "response_times",
      "error_analysis",
      "resource_usage",
      "recommendations"
    ],
    "recipients": ["manager@company.com"]
  }'
```

### 自定义报告

```json
{
  "customReport": {
    "name": "monthly-summary",
    "schedule": "0 0 1 * *",
    "template": "executive-summary",
    "data": {
      "kpis": ["uptime", "avg_response_time", "total_requests", "error_rate", "user_satisfaction"],
      "comparisons": {
        "previousMonth": true,
        "yearOverYear": true
      }
    },
    "distribution": {
      "email": ["executives@company.com"],
      "dashboard": true,
      "archive": true
    }
  }
}
```

## 监控 API

### 指标查询

```bash
# 查询自定义指标
curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/query \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -d '{
    "query": "avg(response_time) by (server_id)",
    "timeRange": "1h",
    "step": "5m"
  }'
```

### 事件跟踪

```bash
# 记录自定义事件
curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/events \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -d '{
    "type": "deployment",
    "title": "服务器更新",
    "description": "部署新版本 v2.1.0",
    "tags": ["deployment", "version-2.1.0"],
    "metadata": {
      "version": "2.1.0",
      "servers": ["server-1", "server-2"]
    }
  }'
```

## 第三方集成

### Prometheus 集成

```yaml
# prometheus.yml
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'mcphub'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:3000']
    metrics_path: '/api/monitoring/prometheus'
    scrape_interval: 30s
```

### Grafana 仪表板

```json
{
  "dashboard": {
    "title": "MCPHub 监控",
    "panels": [
      {
        "title": "请求率",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "rate(mcphub_requests_total[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "{{server_id}}"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "响应时间",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, mcphub_response_time_histogram)",
            "legendFormat": "95th percentile"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}
```

### ELK Stack 集成

```json
{
  "logstash": {
    "input": {
      "beats": {
        "port": 5044
      }
    },
    "filter": {
      "if": "[fields][service] == 'mcphub'",
      "json": {
        "source": "message"
      },
      "date": {
        "match": ["timestamp", "ISO8601"]
      }
    },
    "output": {
      "elasticsearch": {
        "hosts": ["localhost:9200"],
        "index": "mcphub-logs-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

## 故障排除

### 监控问题诊断

```bash
# 检查监控服务状态
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/health \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"

# 验证指标收集
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/metrics/validation \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
```

### 性能问题分析

```bash
# 性能瓶颈分析
curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/api/monitoring/performance/bottlenecks \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -G -d "timeRange=1h"
```

### 常见监控问题

1. **指标丢失**

   - 检查收集器配置
   - 验证网络连接
   - 检查存储空间

2. **警报不触发**

   - 验证警报规则语法
   - 检查通知配置
   - 测试通知渠道

3. **仪表板加载缓慢**
   - 优化查询时间范围
   - 增加数据聚合
   - 检查数据库性能

## 最佳实践

1. **监控层次化**: 建立应用、基础设施和业务三层监控
2. **合理的警报**: 避免警报疲劳，设置合适的阈值
3. **数据保留**: 根据业务需求设置适当的数据保留期
4. **安全监控**: 监控安全相关的指标和事件
5. **持续优化**: 定期审查和优化监控配置

有关更多信息，请参阅 [智能路由](/zh/features/smart-routing) 和 [服务器管理](/zh/features/server-management) 文档。